Based on comprehensive data analysis from multiple sources, certain federal districts have emerged as clear TCPA Hotspot regions, with California, Florida, and Texas leading the nation in the volume of TCPA lawsuits.
These states have consistently held their position as primary TCPA Hotspots over the past several years. Even after pivotal legal shifts such as the Supreme Court’s 2021 ruling in Facebook v. Duguid, their dominance has not waned. In fact, one of these states has already extended its lead further this year, reinforcing its status as a top TCPA Hotspot in the current litigation landscape.
The Latest Statistics
Between January 1st and June 30th of 2025, approximately 1300 TCPA lawsuits were filed in federal district courts throughout the country, and filings in California, Florida, and Texas accounted for nearly 60% of that total.
Top Federal Districts by TCPA Filing Volume
The Central District of California: Situated in Los Angeles, the Central District stands out as the single most active federal district for TCPA litigation, thanks to its location in a major metropolitan area with significant business activity and a plaintiff-friendly legal environment.
From January through June, 234 Complaints were filed in the Central District, accounting for 62% of the 374 TCPA lawsuits filed in all four of California’s federal districts this year, and 18% of all TCPA litigation nationwide.
Astonishingly, 159 of those Complaints were filed by a single law firm, largely stemming from alleged “Quiet Hour” violations, a total that represents 68% of all TCPA cases filed in the Central District.
The Southern District of Florida: Located in Miami, Florida’s Southern District is so far running a distant second in nationwide 2025 TCPA filing volume, with 175 cases filed through June 30th. This amount represents approximately 61% of the 286 TCPA lawsuits filed in the three Florida districts this year.
The Middle District of Florida: The Middle District of Florida with its Tampa headquarters is the third-ranking federal district in terms of 2025 TCPA litigation volume so far. As of June 30th, 107 TCPA lawsuits were filed in the Middle District, which represents around 37% of total Florida TCPA volume.
The Western District of Texas: Trailing the Middle District of Florida, the Western District of Texas is the fourth busiest federal district in terms of TCPA litigation volume, with 66 lawsuits filed as of June 30th. While this number is dwarfed by the 234 Complaints filed in the Central District of California, it nevertheless represents nearly 59% of all cases filed in the Lone Star state and far exceeds the 40 lawsuits filed in the Northern District of Illinois, another TCPA hotspot.
What Makes a TCPA Hotspot?
The bulk of TCPA litigation is largely concentrated in relatively few federal districts due to several interconnected strategic, legal, and practical factors that create advantageous venues for both plaintiffs and their attorneys.
Favorable Judicial Precedents: Plaintiffs’ attorneys routinely engage in strategic forum shopping to access courts with historically favorable interpretations of TCPA provisions. Before the Supreme Court’s 2021 Duguid decision, courts in the Ninth Circuit (which covers multiple states, including California) maintained a notoriously broad interpretation of what constitutes an “automatic telephone dialing system” (ATDS). This plaintiff-friendly stance made California federal courts particularly attractive venues, which partially explains why California remains a TCPA hotspot.
Professional Plaintiff Networks: Certain districts have developed reputations for accommodating professional plaintiffs who systematically file TCPA lawsuits. The Western District of Texas has handled numerous cases involving serial plaintiffs, though courts there have begun scrutinizing professional plaintiffs more closely. Professional plaintiffs often choose districts where they can establish patterns of favorable rulings or where courts are less likely to dismiss cases based on standing challenges.
Class Certification Standards: Certain districts have established more favorable standards for class certification in TCPA cases. Generally speaking, courts in Illinois and California have been more willing to certify large TCPA classes, making these venues attractive for attorneys seeking to maximize the scale and value of their litigation.
Favorable State Laws: Several states have enacted state-level versions of the federal TCPA. In some cases, these so-called “mini-TCPA” states can offer an extra source of recovery in that they allow plaintiffs to seek damages under both the TCPA and the state mini-TCPA for the same call or text. This is one of the reasons Florida and Texas have both remained a reliable TCPA hotspot, and the recent passage of Texas SB140 will make the courts of that state even busier than they are now.
Class Settlement Approvals: Some districts have proven themselves more willing to approve large settlements in TCPA class action cases than other districts, creating another incentive for plaintiffs’ attorneys to file there.
Attorney Preferences: The concentration of TCPA cases in specific federal districts is further influenced by the individual preferences of TCPA class action attorneys and simple circumstance. For example, the firm responsible for 68% of recent cases filed in the Central District of California is attempting to leverage state or federal “quiet hour” violations, presumably by East coast callers that failed to take account of the time difference.
Implications for TCPA Litigation Strategy
The concentration of TCPA litigation in specific federal districts has significant implications for both plaintiffs and defendants. For businesses facing TCPA exposure, understanding which federal districts generate the most lawsuits can be critically important.
The fact that federal districts in California, Florida, and Texas reflects a sophisticated understanding of how judicial attitudes, procedural advantages, and settlement precedents vary across federal districts, leading to the strategic concentration of TCPA litigation in venues that offer the greatest likelihood of favorable outcomes for plaintiffs and their counsel.
